Promisepromises is right. In the book (as well as in real life), convicts didn't have brand (numbers or letters). In the book, Champmathieu (the other man) was arrest whit a branch of apple (thought to be stolen) and bring in the local jail. An other convict recognize him as Jean Valjean. When Jean Valjean see Champmathieu, he thought that he was the man he could become if he didn't change his life (a dumb brute).
In the trial, the witness didn't recognize Jean Valjean because of his transformation (a la Cinderella) and all the court thought that Mr Madeleine beacame crazy. So, to prove them that he is really Jean Valjean, he said things about the convicts (his old chain mate) that only the true Jean Valjean can know.
It is a very good part of the book, but I think that Boublil and Schomberg thought that it was too long for the musical, so they change it for the brand on his skin (first by his number). The change made for the letters was maybe because of the plot hole you mentioned. The letters are more generic, since an other man who went in jail would have it too.
But you're right, there is an error in the plot. But, unless you want the autor to write a new song about Jean Valjean trying to convince the others about his true identity, you have to go for the brand on his skin (and for Ramin's open shirt).
Maybe I do not speak English as well as you, but I can perfectly pronounce the names of all characters of Les Misérables.
Updated On: 9/16/14 at 08:21 PM