I have been looking for this information for a very long time. I figured I should start asking in hopes to come up with an answer:
I am looking for a complete character track-listing breakdown used for LES MISERABLES, ideally the original track list used for the original production (and 2006 revival, tours, et. al)
I've received bits and pieces from folks over time, but have never seen a comprehensive list. Examples, I know the actor who plays Madame Thenardier doubles as the Bishop's Servant (or, so I've heard). Enjolras also appears as the Judge in the trial sequence. Fantine at the barricade as a bullet boy.
Considering there are SO many ensemble bits, I'm dying to know. If anyone has access to the complete breakdown, please do let me know! Or, if you know someone who may have it, that would be great.
Reason: I'm assisting with an upcoming production as a casting associate, and the conversation has come up. We can theorize many different ways to do so - but ultimately are casting the same number of actors used in the original productions, and are very curious about how they managed all the smaller parts, ensembles, etc.
I do know that the person playing Marius is onstage the most out of any other actor.
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I don't ever post here (only lurk), but this is actually a really complicated question, and I thought I'd give it a go! I know quite a bit about the show (as only an audience member, but still), and I still don't think I can adequately answer it. I'll tell you what I do know: the problem is that the tracks are different for pretty much all the productions, from what I can tell, as are the understudy assignments. You can tell a lot about which tracks were used for principal singers by checking out the credits for the various cast recordings. So if the same actor played Combeferre and the Bishop, he'll often be credited for both in the liner notes of the recording. Most of these liner notes are available online, I think, at least for the major English-language recordings. This doesn't help with non-singing ensemble roles, but there you have it.
The tracks can vary widely for the male ensemble roles. For instance, Combeferre, as mentioned, does often double as the Bishop (in both the OBC and the current B-way cast, if I'm not mistaken), but I remember back in the US Third Nat'l Tour in the early 2000s, they had Combeferre doubling instead as the Factory Foreman, plus Grantaire doubling as Bamatabois. Courfeyrac now doubles as the Factory Foreman in the current B-way production, I believe, and several of the students used to also be in Thenardier's inn, either as customers or as drinkers. These are just a few examples of possible variations. There was a backstage video they made for the London production a few years back in which Feuilly and Bamatabois describe their tracks in some detail, which gives you an idea of how these male ensemble tracks are arranged there: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=28VWo9q8vSU (The relevant bit of that video starts around 2:30.)
Tons of costume changes! No matter how you set up the tracks, it'll be quick-change madness. Just the transition between "Turning" and the wedding scene is an insane turnaround (no pun intended): first for the ladies (from street women to wedding guests, presumably doing the change during "Empty Chairs at Empty Tables"), then for the men (from students in "Empty Chairs at Empty Tables" to wedding guests, during...when??? The last verse of "Empty Chairs" and the beginning of the wedding scene change??? Wild!). The male ensemble playing students doesn't have it so bad, since they're stuck on the barricade for most of the second act, but the male ensemble playing Thenardier's gang seems to have it a little tougher, with more changes. Main singing roles like Marius, Enjolras, Eponine, and Cosette I have noticed early on in the first act, the men playing convicts and guards in the first scene and the women prostitutes in the "Lovely Ladies" scene.
If it would be any help, I might be able to dig out one of my old fancy playbills from the Third Nat'l Tour to see how the roles are credited there. This information should be available for the currently running productions through their cast listings in their playbills and on their website, yeah?
Sorry about the long-winded answer without much answer in it! I think a lot of how you break down the roles depends on which voice parts you need in which scenes, and who's available when, some of which can be ironed out in rehearsals. Good luck with those quick changes, though, and be sure to name-label all those waistcoats real well!
The 3NT tracks aren't the same as Broadway or London, though -- I don't think anyone uses those anymore.
From memory, this was how the 3NT broke it down (this is definitely incomplete):
Chain gang includes Thénardier, Marius, Enjolras; all of the gang and other students except Lesgles, Babet and someone else, who were guards
Bishop = Lesgles
Mme. Thénardier = Bishop's sister
Foreman = Combeferre
Factory Girl = usually Fantine understudy
Cosette and Eponine are always in Lovely Ladies
Two of Javert's constables in Fantine's arrest are Marius and Enjolras
Two of the judges in Who Am I are Marius and Enjolras
"There's a boy climbing the barricade!" = I think was usually Montparnasse (in fanon, he was also Bahorel)
Babet = student with big leather apron
The three wedding guests during Thénardier's line "Here comes a Prince, there goes a Jew, this one's a queer, but what can ya do?" were Brujon, Feuilly, and Prouvaire
Joly = Major Domo
Enjolras = wedding caterer
Aimeric, are you an old Rue Plumet/Cafe Musain poster...?
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It's all very RSC. "All other parts played by members of the company" and all that. If you've got the bodies, use them everywhere. The way Patti Lupone tells it in her memoir, the only reason Fantine has only one other ensemble role, in the barricade scene, is because it was the only scene she didn't manage to get out of.