[3 minute read]
I was alive at the time and years later, when called upon to answer for the pre-publiction media blitz that was placed in Publisher's Weekly and others -- full page ads with Gaetan Dugas's passport picture and the huge header THE MAN WHO GAVE US AIDS -- Shilts knew that the Patient Zero designation was apocryphal and said that his publishers "seized" on that aspect of the narrative he constructed and went full tabloid in its use of it. Shilts claimed he had no say. At the time, I remember thinking "Well, Rand, you could have chosen not to 'construct your narrative' that way." But they pushed it, it got the desired attention, and all these decades later it remains "mandatory reading" to many people.
But the thing is, Shilts went out of his way to portray Dugas as a totally villainous caricature, "deliberately" infecting people and being sociopathic. What I have heard from a few of his close friends in Toronto was that he was a lovely man, sweet, charming and likable. After he was diagnosed, he was understandably terrified.
Randy Shilts pulled a fast one in an attempt to do what people have always done, he created a monster out of what most frightened him, and shared the monster with the world. Sure, the monster FIT THE EXACT PROFILE that Jesse Helms and Anita Bryant and others had created, but the construct gave terrified people some relief. Gay people could openly look down on sexually active gay men. Promiscuous gay men could look down on flight attendants. All based on "gut feelings" or "common sense" but having no connection to science.
What was going on inside Shilts's head?
"from all sides (government, medical, and gay men)"
This insight has been repeated so many times since the publication of the book. I'm not sure what its appeal is, other than that readers can feel somehow above the fray. They can reassure themselves that they would have been one of the good guys in every category? "EVERYBDOY was at fault" doesn't quite get at the nuance of a confluence of extremely complicated factors that let that epidemic rage on. And when people got a little more deep into the discussion, they'd occasionally find common ground in the blame game. "You know who's REALLY to blame? The bathhouse owners."
AIDS historian Sarah Schulman correctly points out that those very [real world] social/sexual networks that gay men created in spaces that would have them were exactly how news got out that an epidemic was simmering, before there were any reports about it. It was in bathhouses that people learned that folks were getting sick. It was in bathhouses that people first heard about emerging ideas for safer sexual practices, either because the clubs were promoting them or because the customers were sharing the news via word of mouth and pamphlets (goddess bless Michael Callen and Richard Berkowitz and Joe Sonnabend, MD for their ground-breaking and ever-evolving work on that front).
AIDS historian Dave Nimmons worked up an entire presentation on the strength and resilience of gay men in which he pointed out that there had never been an earlier example of an entire community changing its behavior so rapidly, as gay men did in the face of GRID. He goes to great lengths to point out that the idea that "there is blame on all sides" doesn't fly when you consider the heroic response of gay men and their allies, the institutions and community actions large and small that grew quickly and in combination became the only safety nets offered to people with AIDS of all stripes. He later published a book about it, but I was lucky enough to see him do his presentation twice before that, in venues overflowing with gay men who had never had the chance to look at this history without "everything we did wrong" be woven throughout. It was deep and emotional.
So yeah, Shilts's book. It has a narrative. But it's only one. A number of much better ones came in the years after its publication. Nimmons's came out 15 years later. To me, it was one of the first chances to catch my breath and look at the epidemic from the perspective of the strength of the queer community and its allies and realize what a remarkable job we did.
The Soul Beneath the Skin: The Unseen Hearts and Habits of Gay Men by David Nimmons
Edited to add: Thank you robbiej! What a delight to see that peace sign!
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Updated On: 12/11/19 at 04:07 PM