A Few come to mind:
12 Angry Men
Inherit the Wind
The Merchant of Venice
Judgment at Nuremberg
Witness for the Prosecution
The Caine Mutiny
Anatomy of a Murder
A Few Good Men
Equus
Others? Any comedies?
Edit:
Murder by the Book
Dial M for Murder
The Lieutenant of Inishmoor
A Slight Case of Murder
Updated On: 7/24/14 at 10:48 AM
The Winslow Boy
If you're looking at musicals, Legally Blonde.
I am more interested in straight plays but if you can add to the musicals:
Adrift in Macao
Assassins
Baker Street
Bonnie & Clyde
Bullets Over Broadway
Catch Me If You Can
Chicago
City Of Angels
Clue
Destry Rides Again
Do Re Mi
Dirty Rotten Scoundrels
Fierello
A Gentlemen's Guide to Love & Murder
The Fix
Little Shop of Horrors
Lucky Stiff
Meet John Doe
Murder Ballad
The Mystery of Edwin Drood
9 to 5
Oliver!
Parade
Pippin
The Robber Bridegroom
Pirates of Penzance
Reefer Madness
The Scarlet Pimpernel
Sister Act
Summer Stock Murder
Sunset Blvd
The Toxic Avenger
West Side Story
The Wild Party (Lippa)
The Wild Party (LaChiusa)
Whistle Down The Wind
Updated On: 7/24/14 at 10:55 AM
Musical: The Scottsboro Boys
The Real Inspector Hound
An Inspector Calls
Crimes of the Heart
Had originally had "The Scottsboro Boys" in mind but forgot by the time I wrote them down.
Les Misérables and Elisabeth could count in the musicals department, since Elisabeth has the Kaiserin's murderer narrating the story.
Extremities is another play that would fit within your criteria.
Broadway Legend Joined: 6/5/09
A Case of Libel
Daughter of Silence
Hostile Witness
A Shadow of My Enemy
Inquest
Comedies:
Moose Murders
A Shot in the Dark
A Murderer Among Us
Wait Until Dark
Broadway Legend Joined: 12/2/10
Most recently. ....A Time To Kill
Nuts
Leading Actor Joined: 7/20/09
The Crucible
The Laramie Project
Updated On: 7/24/14 at 12:32 PM
Broadway Legend Joined: 7/18/11
To add to the musicals, both HELLO DOLLY and SATURDAY NIGHT have key courtroom scenes.
Broadway Legend Joined: 12/5/04
Would Doubt count? (I should think so but I'm not sure)
There is an amazing play about the Leopold and Loeb trial called "Never the Sinner".
Updated On: 7/24/14 at 02:39 PM
Murder In The First. I saw it at 59e59 two years ago, and it was an exceptional play.
Agnes of God
Gross Indecency
Here is a really old chestnut
Penthouse Legend - Mc Alpin Rooftop theater which is no longer there.
Believe it from an Ayn Rand novel
A little google search found this neat link, the American Bar Association's list of the 12 Greatest Legal Plays: http://www.abajournal.com/gallery/12_greatest_legal_pl Of them, only OEDIPUS THE KING and THE MAN IN THE GLASS BOOTH haven't been mentioned here, but still a neat and authoritative ranking.
And off the top of my head, some more plays, mostly that deal with crime, though some also courts:
ACCIDENTAL DEATH OF AN ANARCHIST (farce!)
AMERICAN BUFFALO
BLACKBIRD (though it's a question of statute of limitations here, it's certainly the after-effects)
ELMINA'S KITCHEN
FUENTEOVEJUNA (thank you, Theatre Lit classes in college)
LOOT (farce!)
MAURITIUS (though not necessarily a crime-and-punishment story, more a would-I-if-it-comes-to-it?)
MURMURING JUDGES
SAINT JOAN
THE ROMANS IN BRITAIN
THE VIRTUOUS BURGLAR (farce! Man, Dario Fo is fun.)
THE VISIT
Just had an excellent revival
Machinal
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