What causes vocal cord nodules?
Any one or more of the following can contribute to the development of vocal cord nodules:
1) Misuse of the voice
* The use of an incorrect pitch, volume, or quality
* Inadequate breath support
* Excessive tension in the neck muscles when speaking
2) Abuse of the voice (the most common cause of vocal nodules in children)
* Excessive shouting, screaming cheering or crying
* Strained vocalizations (for example, sounds used to imitate animal noises or motors)
* Excessive loud talking
* Hard vocal attacks (starting words abruptly)
* Excessive coughing or throat clearing
3) Other factors
* Chronic (long standing) upper respiratory infections or allergies
* Exposure to smoking
* Reflux (stomach acid coming up the swallowing tube)
* Endocrine or Hormonal imbalance
* Fatigue
* Allergies
* Personality or general adjustment of the child
How do vocal cord nodules develop?
Vocal abuse and misuse cause the vocal cords to close with excessive force (i.e. bang together). This may result in the formation of vocal nodules at the point of maximum contact. As the nodules begin to form, a slight reddening can be noted on the margin of the cord. This reddening is soon followed by a localized swelling or thickening on the edge of the cord. Finally, a definite nodule or bump develops and becomes harder and more fibrotic with time, just like a callous can form on your hand if you use a shovel without gloves.
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