JoeW4 said: "2 common threads that a lot of us are touching on here:
(1) Many stories center around one character, but we're seeing them through the perspective of another character. The latter character is effectively the protagonist because we're seeing the story through their eyes, but the former person is the one we often walk away remembering the most. Because they are extraordinary in some way, which is why the protagonist was focused on them in the first place. Norma Desmond, The Phantom, Willy Wonka, Sally Bowles, Jesus, Hamilton, etc."
That is a very, very good analysis, I must say. Although I don’t think Hamilton fits into that category, really. He doesn’t get a full length solo, but when you look at how much material he has, he really does more than anybody else in the entire show by virtue of just how many extremely long songs he basically gets half of. I think Hamilton and Jesus are meant to be similar roles, but the difference is that Jesus is little bits and pieces where you get to hear his soaring and incredible songs (although I kind of like Judas’s material way better) and Hamilton is kind of just literally always in the show, to the point that sometimes you really want it to be about somebody else. Another example of a lead role in a very similar vein to Hamilton is Valjean, actually. Mostly in that he has a ton of the show and yet it kind of feels like we’re viewing this story from his enemy’s perspective. It’s like the illusion of a Judas/Jesus dynamic in which the protagonist is actually still the protagonist.
JoeW4 said: "(2) we also have a trend (moreso in musical theatre than in other mediums) of automatically designating a male and female lead, wherever humanly possible. Even when, by most metrics, one of them could very easily be categorized as supporting. Nick Arnstein is a great example of this. We see him as a leading role primarily because he's "the male lead," he's the romantic interest playing "opposite" Fanny. Eliza in Hamilton is kind of in that category too, though she has the advantage of having the show end on her, which makes her feel more like a lead.
Obviously there are plenty of cases where the male and female leads genuinely are co-leads, I'm just pointing out a separate, concurrent trend."
I think there are a lot of places this idea originates from. I mean, first off, something I’ve heard a lot is that there are no great stories without a romantic plot. This isn’t entirely true, yet I kind of struggle to think of a great story without some kind of romantic pairing. Eliza is such a bizarre role. I have no doubt that, both vocally and acting-wise, it’s an incredibly challenging role. It’s also a soprano role playing opposite of the protagonist, which is exactly what a traditional leading lady in an opera is. She even has the only actual solo in the entire show, with every other instance of a full length solo song having some sort of ensemble involvement if nothing else. Now, these aren’t necessarily lead qualities. King George would be a lead if they were. It’s a very challenging role. It’s a tenor role in a show with no other tenor roles, which most leads in operas are tenors… He even gets three solos! I mean, one of them has ensemble bits at the end, two of them aren’t full length, but still. Obviously, though, King George isn’t a lead, because he’s not in very much of the show. He’s only on stage for about nine minutes. Would it surprise you to learn Eliza is barely onstage for a little over three times that amount? I mean, she sometimes is also just standing there, often in the dark or something, but that only brings it up to maybe forty minutes. Unless I just counted horribly wrong. She does a lot more than Angelica, but Eliza hardly has anything resembling dance, she doesn’t really sing much, she’s not in that much of the show, but… The plot is kind of about her in a lot of ways. But I totally agree that it’s weird to assume that every show has a male and a female lead. Wicked has two female leads, Les Mis has two male leads (or three depending on who you ask), pretty much everything by William Finn has one male lead and no other lead, Matilda and Hairspray both have a female lead and another female role that is generally considered a lead and also generally played by a man, pretty much anything is possible as far as gender goes for leading parts.